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The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'context:component-scan

I am getting the following errors while trying my first spring project:

Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.c: The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'context:component-scan


Here is the applicationContext.xml:

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.xyz" />

</beans>


What is causing the error?

9 Answers
9

You have not specified the schema location of the context namespace, that is the reason for this specific error:

<beans .....
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


This path of the schema location is wrong:

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans


The correct path should end with /:

/

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/


I was having issues with

Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: cvc-complex-type.2.4.c: The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'security:http'


and for me I had to add the spring-security-config jar to the classpath

http://docs.spring.io/spring-security/site/docs/3.1.x/reference/ns-config.html

EDIT:

It might be that you have the correct dependency in your pom.

But...

If you are using multiple spring dependencies and assembling into a single jar then the META-INF/spring.schemas is probably being overwritten by the spring.schemas of another of your spring dependencies.

META-INF/spring.schemas

spring.schemas

(Extract that file from your assembled jar and you'll understand)

Spring schemas is just a bunch of lines that look like this:

http://www.springframework.org/schema/p=org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.SimplePropertyNamespaceHandler
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd=org/springframework/beans/factory/xml/spring-beans-3.0.xsd


But if another dependency overwrites that file, then the definition will be retrieved from http, and if you have a firewall/proxy it will fail to get it.

One solution is to append spring.schemas and spring.handlers into a single file.

Check:

Idea to avoid that spring.handlers/spring.schemas get overwritten when merging multiple spring dependencies in a single jar

spring-web

This error can also be caused if the jar file that contains the XSD you require is not included in your deployed class path.

Make sure the dependencies are available in your container.

If using STS, you can in Eclipse mark the configuration file as "Bean Configuration" file (you can specify that when creating or on right click on a XML file):

You project has to have Spring Nature (right click on maven project for example):

then spring.xml is opened by default with Spring Config Editor

spring.xml

and this editor has Namespaces tab

Which enables you to specify the namespaces:

Please be aware, that it depends on dependencies (using maven project), so if spring-tx is not defined in maven's pom.xml, option is not there, which prevents you to have The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for element 'tx:annotation-driven' 'context:component-scan' problem...

spring-tx

It's too late but somewhat may useful to others

The matching wildcard is strict, but no declaration can be found for
element 'context:component-scan

which Means you have Missed some Declarations or The Required Declarations Not Found in Your XML

In my case i forgot to add the follwoing

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd

After Adding this the Problem Gone away

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">


when you add context:component-scan for the first time in an xml, the following needs to be added.

xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">


The correct path shouldn't end with "/", I had it wrong that caused the trouble

Right way:

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd

With namespace declaration and schema location you can also check the syntax of the namespace use for example :-

<beans xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation= http://www.springframework.org/`enter code here`schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

<context:annotation-driven/> <!-- This is wrong -->
<context:annotation-config/> <!-- This should work -->


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